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Thursday, September 21, 2017

World War I: Czar Nicholas Arrested And Doomed To Die

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Nicholas II was detained before he and his family were sent to Siberia.CreditCentral News Photo/The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial, Sept. 6, 1917
It had come to this: His Imperial Majesty Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia, perched despondently on a tree stump under armed guard outside the palace at Tsarskoye Selo, where he had been detained by the provisional government after his abdication in March.
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“For the Honor of Old Glory: New York’s Farewell to the National Guard, Aug. 30, 1917.”CreditFrench Official Photo/The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial, Sept. 6, 1917
By the time the photograph appeared in The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial 100 years ago, it was two months out of date. The imperial family had already been moved to western Siberia. Though they would not be killed until July 1918, this is believed to be one of the last pictures of Nicholas. (A clearer version can be viewed on the website of the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division.) The photograph underscores the remarkable resemblance between Nicholas and his cousin, King George V.
The cover view paid tribute to the departure from New York of National Guard units bound for Europe. The Mid-Week Pictorial also featured some startlingly candid views of war, like the photograph below, showing German soldiers who had been taken prisoner by the French just before dawn.
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“This unique photograph was taken by a French soldier in a first-line trench at 4 o’clock in the morning, a time unfavorable for the camera to get good results. The silhouetted figures are German soldiers with their hands up, indicating that they were surrendering to the French who had taken a German position by surprise during a night attack.” CreditUnderwood & Underwood/The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial, Sept. 6, 1917
Times Insider is offering glimpses of some of the most memorable wartime illustrations that appeared in The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial, on the 100th anniversary of each issue:
• Flanders fields, flooded to stop the Germans (Aug. 30)• Russia’s all-woman “Battalion of Death” (Aug. 23)• French artists on the battle lines (Aug. 16)• A graphic look inside a German bomber (Aug. 9)• Raw recruits gather at Gettysburg (Aug. 2)• A hellish battle scene captured by the camera (July 26)
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World War I: The Awful Beauty Of The White War

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“A picturesque scene several thousand feet above sea level. Italian troops attending mass amid the alpine heights.” CreditCentral News Photo/The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial, Sept. 20, 1917
The caption that appeared 100 years ago in The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial referred to a “picturesque scene” in the Dolomites, where Italian soldiers were defending the frontier against Austrian and German invasion.
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“On Guard: Watching the river at New York where seized German ships are berthed.”CreditAmerican Press Association/The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial, Sept. 20, 1917
The moment captured by the camera was certainly beguiling. But the “White War” in the alpine heights of Italy was otherwise a dreadful episode.
“In subzero temperatures men dug miles of tunnels and caverns through glacial ice,” Brian Mockenhaupt wrote in Smithsonian Magazine. “They strung cableways up mountainsides and stitched rock faces with rope ladders to move soldiers onto the high peaks, then hauled up an arsenal of industrial warfare: heavy artillery and mortars, machine guns, poison gas and flamethrowers. And they used the terrain itself as a weapon, rolling boulders to crush attackers and sawing through snow cornices with ropes to trigger avalanches. Storms, rock slides and natural avalanches — the ‘white death’ — killed plenty more. After heavy snowfalls in December of 1916, avalanches buried 10,000 Italian and Austrian troops over just two days.”
The “White War” was little remembered until recent years, when frozen corpses began emerging in the mountains.
“As global warming has intensified over the past few decades, first soldiers’ personal affects like diaries and letters melted out of the ice, and now their bodies are following,” Kyle Chayka wrote for Time. “The cold has kept them perfectly intact, like frozen mummies. Bare bones are wrapped in the tattered remains of uniforms, gruesome reminders of now-distant violence.”
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“Although no cavalry is being sent to France, there is a great demand for horses and mules for artillery and supply trains. Most of the horses come fresh and untamed from the prairies of the West and give the men a strenuous time before they are broken into harness or saddle.”CreditInternational Film Service/The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial, Sept. 20, 1917
Times Insider is offering glimpses of some of the most memorable wartime illustrations that appeared in The New York Times Mid-Week Pictorial, on the 100th anniversary of each issue:
• Détente over a cigarette (Sept. 13)• Czar Nicholas II, arrested and doomed to die (Sept. 6)• Flanders fields, flooded to stop the Germans (Aug. 30)• Russia’s all-woman “Battalion of Death” (Aug. 23)• French artists on the battle lines (Aug. 16)• A graphic look inside a German bomber (Aug. 9)
Continue reading the main story

Wednesday, September 20, 2017

War Between The United States And North Korea Is Inevitable

War Between The United States And North Korea Is Inevitable

I have been warning everyone for weeks that a miscalculation or a mistake is going to lead to a war between the US and North Korea that will result in the use of nuclear weapons in battle for the first time since 1945.
I promised myself that I would not watch the Ken Burns series Vietnam. After all, I had four friends killed there and some friends wounded. A Purple Heart certificate sits on the wall in my study. I broke the promise to myself. I watched the first two episode of the series yesterday. I focused on how four U.S. presidents saw Vietnam. Let me summarize what I saw:
President Eisenhower: He gave France hundreds of millions of dollars in support to keep them fighting in Vietnam. At one point, he was financing 80% of France’s costs to fight the war. France had over 100,000 casualties in Vietnam. President Eisenhower would not send US troops. He decided that the war was unwinnable.
President Kennedy: One quote in the show was most telling as follows:
“These people don’t like us. But if Vietnam falls to the Communists, I will lose the 1964 election.”
At the John F. Kennedy Library, I purchased a book: Vietnam Had Kennedy Lived. This is some heavy reading and quite scholarly. The conclusion is that Kennedy would have stayed in Vietnam until after the 1964 election and then started to wind down US involvement even if the North Vietnamese won.
President Johnson: Despite his humble background and education, Johnson’s biographer Doris Kearns Goodwin described him as a political genius. Johnson believed in The Domino Theory. In other words, if South Vietnam fell, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, etc. would follow.
President Nixon: Alan Greenspan described Nixon as a dark and troubled man with a brilliant mind. President Nixon was a master of foreign affairs. He too believed in the Domino Theory.
With Johnson and Nixon strong believers in the Domino Theory, it was inevitable that Vietnam would be a long and a bloody war for the USA. North Vietnam won at the cost of some 3.25 million people killed. 20% of their territory is a “no man’s land” due to land mines and poisonous chemicals. After the Vietnam war ended in 1975, an additional 50,000 Vietnamese civilians were killed by land mines and unexploded ordinance.
Let us go to the present. Everyone thinks that Donald Trump is wild and irresponsible. Even if Hillary Clinton or Mike Pence were president, a war with North Korea would be inevitable. It would escalate to a nuclear conflict. The mindset is there as it was in Vietnam. It will start with some mistake or misunderstanding. It will quickly escalate into a nuclear exchange because that sort of firepower will be needed to destroy North Korea’s military capabilities.
Let me expose some fallacies as follows:
1)    Kim Jung Un and his senior management team are phantoms hiding in heavily-fortified bunkers all the time. Wrong, they do appear in public. Rest assured that the following countries have “eyes on” Kim and his management team 24 hours a-day seven days a week:
The US
Japan
South Korea
China
Israel (Due to fear of North Korea sharing its nuclear technology with Iran.)
The dream of all these countries would be a stealth drone strike that would kill Kim Jung Un and his management team. If this happened the country would collapse.
2)    Massive nuclear weapons will have to be employed with casualties in the range of 25 million plus. Nuclear weapons will be employed to “take out” military targets. My educated guess is one million casualties.
3)    South Korea and Japan will be heavily damaged. There will be some casualties and damage in South Korea and Japan. China should be very concerned. When things get really irrational, North Korean nuclear weapons and poison gas might be used against China.
What will follow will be a temporary fall in world financial markets with a nasty recession to follow. Violent protests will erupt all over the world. These protests will make the Vietnam War protests seem pale in comparison.