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Monday, November 4, 2013

India Prepares For First Mission To Mars



November 4, 2013 7:06 am

India shrugs off criticism to prepare for launch of Mars mission


In this file picture taken on September 11, 2013, scientists and engineers work on a Mars Orbiter vehicle at the Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) satellite centre in Bangalore. India began a countdown on November 3 to the launch of its most ambitious and risky space mission to date, sending a probe to Mars which was conceived in just 15 months on a tiny budget©Getty
Shrugging off criticism that the money would be better spent on toilets or teachers, India is preparing to launch its first interplanetary space mission on Tuesday to take a satellite to Mars.
Although Indian officials have denied wanting to compete with China, they have not disguised their desire to join the trio of superpowers that have so far carried out successful Mars shots – the US, Russia and Europe.

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Known as Mangalyaan (“Mars craft”) or more formally the Mars Orbiter Mission, the satellite is designed mainly to test India’s technology in areas such as deep space communication and navigation but will also measure methane in the Martian atmosphere and do other scientific work.
When the project was first announced last year, a few Indians criticised the project as a needlessly expensive hunt for prestige when the country has failed to solve severe shortcomings in sanitation, education and child health – although more expressed fierce pride in India’s achievements as a space power and nuclear weapons state.
Jean Drèze, a development economist, called the project “part of the Indian elite’s delusional quest for superpower status”, but Manmohan Singh, prime minister, said it would be “a huge step for us in the area of science and technology”.
Some of the criticism has been deflected by the speed with which the project has been implemented by theIndian Space Research Organisation (Isro), and its low cost by international standards.
The budget is $72m, about a tenth of the bigger scientific mission to Mars to be launched later in November by Nasa of the US, which is helping India with communications for the mission and whose officials urged their Indian counterparts not to forget to eat peanuts for luck at the launch.
Indian officials have been cautious about their chances of success. K. Radhakrishnan, Isro chairman, has noted that only 21 of the 51 missions to the red planet have succeeded.
India is due to launch the 1,337kg-satellite plus rocket from the island of Sriharikota north of Chennai on India’s east coast at 1438 local time (0908 GMT) on Tuesday. The plan is that the satellite should enter Mars orbit on September 24 2014.
The late Vikram Sarabhai, father of the Indian space programme, championed the use of technology for solving humanity’s problems and rejected what he called the “fantasy of competing with the economically advanced nations in the exploration of the moon or the planets or manned space flight”. Isro has projects in all three areas.
However, postings on Twitter and on Indian newspaper websites on Monday, the eve of the launch, suggest that Indians with access to the internet are overwhelmingly in favour of the country pursuing its ambitions in space. “Mars, the Indians r finally coming! good luck isro!” said one comment on the Times of India site.
Indian officials, especially meteorologists who derive much of their data from satellite observations, won high praise for correctly predicting the strength and path of the powerful Cyclone Phailin in October, enabling thousands to be evacuated with minimum loss of life.

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